wireless technology for the internet

Communication technology around the world is becoming as simple as possible

receive. You can contact us from anywhere in the world

wherever. Thanks to wireless networks, interconnectivity increases.

Various devices are possible and it can be done in real time. communication

More than years ago. Now we are

A world where devices interact with themselves and people. The Internet of Things is gradually becoming a central topic of interest

world of technology. It not only affects our lives

Life, it also affects the way we work. Must have this

I heard my subordinates declare what they needed to know about their future jobs.

All this is true, but you need to know that the future is already here.

On the other hand, computers can be connected to each other in a very simple way.

Everything you've ever seen. There are technical details

It's IoT, but it's all understandable.

The Internet of Things is all about connecting all your devices to one device

Turn it “on” and “off” on the internet or on another device. Almost everyone

Any device imaginable can take advantage of this connection. Speaking of coffee

Manufacturers, washing machines, headphones, and even lamps. it's called the internet

That's because things are interconnected in a huge way. This relationship is

between people and people, and between people and things.

Internet of Things is a comprehensive concept that uses wireless communication

play an important role. The center of everything related to the Internet

Things are wireless communications. These technologies make it possible

Communication between devices. communication is encouraged

There is no need to connect devices to each other. mode of

Connections are typically made via radio frequency or RF. this communication

This framework has been around since his early 20th century, so it's not entirely new.

century. Rather than becoming obsolete like 20th century technology

Throughout the 20th century, it has grown and evolved to meet the everyday needs of the 21st century.

century.

The second half of this book covers the Internet of Things in more detail.

What kind of future awaits them? However, we will look at that in this chapter.

Various wireless communication technologies that existed

Contributing to the development of the Internet of Things for many years

Zigbee wireless technology: its architecture and application

Various wireless technologies exist, but they are often ignored

The best Zigbee wireless technology. That's because it is

It is cost effective and energy saving. There are many wonderful things too

Simple and great functionality. It's the best technology

For embedded applications, industrial control, home automation, etc.

The main function of Zigbee wireless technology is to provide power to the controller.

and sensor networks. This is achieved through the IEEE 802.15.4 standard.

Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN). This is in the following format

Communication standards that define both physical and media access

control layer. This is done to be able to handle devices with lower data rates.

Various Zigbee WPANs can operate at 868 MHz, 902-928

MHz and 2.4 GHz frequencies.

A wireless communication technology used for control and monitoring.

All applications are in the 10-100 meter range. of this shape

Communication is cheaper and easier than others

Bluetooth and WiFi.

Zigbee can provide support for various network configurations

The battery is protected so it can work in different modes. of

Zigbee networks are designed to support growing use by routers. that

You can also connect many nodes to each other. of

In this way, a larger network is built.

Zigbee architecture

Zigbee system structure consists of three different devices

Zigbee coordinators, routers, and end devices. All Zigbee

There must be at least one Zigbee coordinator on the network. of

The coordinator acts as the root and bridge of the network. That's also a responsibility.

To process and store information each time we receive it;

Transfer data over the network.

In this case, the router acts as an intermediary that coordinates the passage.

Transfer data from one device to another. Limited number of end devices

A function used only for communication with higher-level nodes. In Zigbee wireless communication network, the number of coordination,

Which router or device it is always depends on the type of network.

will be established. There are different network types: star and tree.

And network.

Zigbee wireless communication architecture includes various layer.

Physical layer: This layer is used for modulation and

Demodulation every time transmission/reception occurs

signals within the network.

MAC layer (medium access): This layer

Responsible for ensuring data transmission through access to data

Multiple network multiple access collision over carrier sense

Avoidance (CSMA). The MAC layer is also responsible for this

Sending beacon frames for synchronization

communication.

Network layer: The network layer is responsible for everything

Network-related operations such as network configuration, routing, and termination

Connecting and disconnecting devices from the network.

Application support sublayer: There is one application layer

This allows for the various services you need.

Interface between Zigbee device objects and applications

Object layer and network layer for data management purposes.

The sublayers that support the application layer are responsible for this.

Combine devices based on specified services and needs.

Application framework: The framework layer has two pieces of data

Service types that function as key-value pairs and generics

intelligence agency.

Zigbee Operating Modes and its Topologies

There are two modes you can use to transfer data via Zigbee.
Non-beacon mode and beacon mode. For beacons
mode, both the coordinator and router are designed to operate continuously.
Monitor the status of data entering the system. Zigbee anytime
When the system is in this mode, routers and coordinators always
Activities. This is because node awakening can occur Communicate anytime.
There is no data communication from the device in beacon mode.
When this happens, routers and coordinators are forced to do so.
Sleep state. Coordinators sometimes take action and submit.
Send beacons in the direction of your network's routers. The beacon network is
Known to work in situations where communication is required
The duty cycle is lower and the battery usage time is longer.
Zigbee network beacon and non-beacon types help with this.
Manage periodic, intermittent, and repetitive data types.
Zigbee networks include star,
Mesh and cluster tree topology. All these topologies are known
Always includes one or more coordinators. In a star topology, Zigbee
A network consists of coordinators. This coordinator is responsible for
Commissioning and management of various devices on the network.
Devices that communicate directly with the coordinator are called:
end device. Star topology is a system used in all networks.
End devices are required to communicate with the central controller. of
What's special about the star topology is that it's very easy to assemble and assemble.
put in. For network and tree topologies,
Zigbee network with many routers, coordinator required
Please star her. Communication occurs when these devices are connected
Other adjacent nodes can be used to provide data redundancy. if
Certain nodes or other devices in the network will always fail.
We receive this information thanks to our topology structure.
Mesh topologies are primarily used in industry due to the large number of topologies available.
Redundancy was highly valued.
Especially for cluster tree networks, each cluster is
Coordinator and multiple leaf her nodes. The coordinator is also connected
It is sent to a higher-level coordinator that acts as the initiator for the entire network.

Application of Zigbee Technology

Industrial automation: This is one major way in which the

Zigbee network is utilized. It reduces communication cost and it

also optimizes the control process, making it more reliable.

Home automation: It is also perfectly adapted for use in the

control of home appliance, such as light control, appliance

control, and control for heating and cooling systems as well as

other security appliances in the home.

Smart Metering: The Zigbee remote operation can be used in

smart metering such as energy consumption response, pricing

support, etc.

Smart Grid Monitoring: Zigbee network can also be used in

the operation of smart grid systems.

WiMax

WiMax is acronym for Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access.

It is the technology standard that is employed in long-range wireless

networking. The use of WiMax is effective for both mobile and fixed

connections. However, in recent times, the use of WiMax has declined,

despite being envisioned to be a leading form of internet communication

and the widely adopted alternative to cable and DSL.

One factor that has inhibited it wide adoption is the high cost. The

technology is not a replacement to Wi-Fi, neither is it a replacement for the

hotspot technology. But if faced with the need to install either of a standard

wired hardware as with DSL or the WiMax, the latter is cheaper.

There are two basic forms of the WiMax, which are base stations and the

receivers. The base stations are installed by service providers used in

deploying technology in a particular area. While the receiver is the part of

the network installed by the client.

Advantages of WiMax

The network framework is very popular because it comes at a lower cost. It

is also very flexible in nature. When compared with other internet

technologies, the WiMax can be installed faster. The installation time is

always lower because all that is needed are short towers and lesser amount

of cable.

With the WiMax, you can also enjoy voice and video-transferring capacity,

alongside telephone access. In the areas where it is not economical to

execute wired technologies, WiMax is the best option.

Disadvantages of WiMax

With the WiMax, connection strength reduces as the user pulls away from

the source. Also, WiMax has suffered a decline in popularity, which has

caused many mobile devices not to have built-in WiMax support.

Advantages of Wireless Technology

Changing right from wired technologies to wireless technologies is just as

pertinent as it can get for your organization. It is one big step that your

facility needs to take, and there are many reasons for this. Compared to

wired network technologies, wireless technologies have some benefits that

give them an edge.

Increased Mobility

This is one of the revolutionary advantage that has revolutionized our lives.

Now you can get connected to others devices or the internet, right from

anywhere you are in the world. With the advent of mobile technology,

mobile users are granted access to information in real-time. Also, if you

work for a corporate organization, you can access your company’s network,

without being stuck at a particular location. This way, teamwork and

productivity is improved, which is near impossible on wired networks.

Installation speed and simplicity

With the use of the wireless systems, there is a reduction in the amount of

cable needed. Wired networks are always cumbersome to install and setup.

Also, the setup of wired networks can prone safety issues, especially post

installation. Also, installation of the wireless network is as fast as it can get.

It offer wider network reach

If there are places in your organization that cannot be reached by wires, the

wireless network comes in handy. Wireless connections can extend to just

about anywhere you want it to get.

It is more flexible

There are always upgrade in technology, and your communication systems

are boud to suffer from the need for upgrade. If your organization makes

use of the wired communication network, it may be cumbersome to

upgrade. However, with the wireless technologies, you can easily upgrade

your communication system. Update to meet new configurations are very

easy to achieve on the wireless network.

Reduced ownership cost over time

Well, setting up a wireless network at first may be costly, than the wired

network. However, overtime, you will find out that it actually costs you

lower. Other than the fact that it will stand the test of time, it will also save

you the stress of always laying new wires and hardware when there is the

need for upgrade.

Increased scalability

You can always configure the wireless networks to meet some application’s

specific requirements. You can easily enact changes and scale to this

process whenever the need be.

Disadvantages of Wireless Technology

Despite the fact that with wireless technologies, you can allow different

users to access a large repository of information with the hassle of running

wires, there are some downsides to its use.

Cost

This is one critical factor that puts off people with the use of wireless

network. They are typically expensive to install and setup. Though this is

the only time you need to spend much. At setup, you might incur a cost four

time more than you would with the wired network.

Coverage

There is always a limit on the range that can be covered by the wireless

network. For example, a router has just a range between 150 to 300 feet.

Dependability

This is another issue with the wireless network, it is very prone to

interference. It can be easily interfered by radio signals on similar

frequencies, as well as radiations from other devices. Physical structures

can also be a source of interference.

Security

The wireless network has the issue of security, as it can be easily accessed

by any computer within the range of the network. Once information is being

transmitted by network, it can be easily hacked into, even if the information

is encrypted.

Speed

Without mincing word, it is known fact that the wireless networks are

somewhat slower than the wired networks. In some cases, it reaches up to

10 times slower.

Top Wireless Technology Challenges

Though the wireless technology has taken our lives by a storm, basically

every connection can now be done wirelessly. However, the technology is

yet to make the use of wires obsolete. There are a number of challenges that

are faced by the wireless technology.

Physical Connectivity

In a study on some volunteers, it is identified that one of the major

challenges faced by the use of wireless technology is physical construction

of components. There is always a limitation on the wireless networks. In

areas such as basements, lower floors and in buildings made of steel, there

is always the deflection of network signals. There are many cases in which

terrain has been the issue. In many of the cases studied, participants need to

first install a distributed antenna system, or a mobile virtual private network

before they enjoy enhanced network.

Technology Connectivity Issues.

Bandwidth needs to be further improved if the wireless network is going to

support large streams of data at once. There are innovations bound to solve

this actually, especially with the 5G network. However, until its overall

adoption all over the world, it remains a major issue that needs to be

tackled.

Security

Security is still a big issue with the use of wireless networks. Just as there

are tools and frameworks integrated to protect the wireless networks, they

are still subject to cyber-attacks. Though by-passing a system’s security is

not an easy nut to crack, people still find their way around it. Security is yet

to be total on the wireless network. Once the network can be accessed or

visible in a particular location, it can be bridged. This fact opens

organizations with the wireless networks to incessantly upgrade their

security frameworks and all. There is the need to employ an IT security

expert to monitor and maintain the security protocols that keep the system

safe and reliable.

Management

There are several times that system get down times. To ensure that users

have the best experience, management is saddled with the responsible of

being aware of issues ahead of the users – in real time. Hence, there is a

need to constantly execute surveys and tests on the network to upgrade and

maintain the system

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