What is ip address and its types
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An IP (Internet Protocol) address is a unique numeric designation assigned to any device connected to a computer network that uses the Internet Protocol to communicate. It serves as an identifier for both the host (device) and the network interface to which it is connected. IP addresses play a key role in routing data packets across networks and allowing devices to communicate with each other over the internet.
There are two main types of IP addresses:
IPv4 (Internet Protocol Version 4): IPv4 is the most commonly used IP addressing scheme. It consists of a 32-bit address expressed as four sets of decimal numbers separated by periods.Each set, called an octet, represents a number between 0 and 255. For example, an IPv4 address might look like "192.168.0.1".IPv4 allows about 4.3 billion unique addresses. However, due to the growing number of devices connecting to the Internet, the pool of available IPv4 addresses is running out.
IPv6 (Internet Protocol Version 6): IPv6 was developed to reduce the limitations of IPv4 and provide more address space. IPv6 addresses are 128-bit binary numbers expressed in a human-readable format as eight sets of hexadecimal values separated by colons.For example, an IPv6 address might look like this: "2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334". IPv6 offers a huge address space and allows far more unique addresses than IPv4.
IPv4 and IPv6 addresses can be divided into two types based on how they are assigned:
Static IP address: A static IP address is manually assigned to the device and remains constant unless reconfigured. Provides a consistent address for a given device, facilitating consistent location and communication with that device. Static IP addresses are commonly used for servers, network infrastructure devices, or devices that need a fixed address for specific purposes.
Dynamic IP address: A dynamic IP address is dynamically assigned to the device by the DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) server. The DHCP server dynamically allocates IP addresses from a pool of available addresses that can be reused when devices go offline. Dynamic IP addresses are most commonly used for devices connected to home or small office networks because they can be assigned as needed and use the available address space more efficiently.
In summary, IP addresses are unique numeric designations assigned to devices on a network that allow them to communicate and exchange data over the Internet. IPv4 and IPv6 are the two main types of IP addressing schemes, with IPv6 offering more address space.IP addresses can be static or dynamic, depending on whether they are assigned manually or dynamically by a DHCP server.
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