Explain ip Address Subnet Mask
!!!!!!Explain ip Address Subnet Mask!!!!!!
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An IP address's subnet mask, often referred to simply as the subnet mask, is a 32-bit value that is used in conjunction with the IP address to define the network and part of the host address. It helps determine which part of the IP address represents the network ID and which part represents the host ID.
A subnet mask is applied to an IP address using a process called a "bitwise AND" operation. This process hides the host bits, leaving only the network bits. The value received identifies the network to which the IP address belongs.
The subnet mask is a series of consecutive ones followed by consecutive zeros. Units represent network bits and zeros represent host bits. For example, the subnet mask is 255.255.255.0 can be written in binary as 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000. In this case, the first 24 bits (one) represent the network part and the last 8 bits (0) represent the host part.
You can find out the network address by applying a subnet mask to an IP address. The network address is determined by a bitwise AND link between the IP address and the subnet mask. The resulting value represents the network portion of the IP address, effectively identifying which network the IP address belongs to.
For example, consider the IP address 192.168.1.0.100 with a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0.Applying a subnet mask to an IP address using a bitwise AND operation yields the network address: 192.168.0.0. The network address identifies the specific network to which the device with that IP address belongs.
The subnet mask is also used to define the range of host addresses on the network. In the example above, the subnet mask 255.255.255.0 indicates that the network can contain up to 254 hosts (because the host part is 8 bits).Valid host addresses in this case range from 192.168.0.1 to 192.168.0.254, where 192.168.0.0 represents the network address and 192.168.0.255 reserved as broadcast address.
subnetting allows you to divide your network into smaller subnets, each with its own network address and host address range. This enables efficient use of IP addresses and simplifies network management and routing.
In summary, the subnet mask of an IP address is a 32-bit value used to specify the network and host portion of an IP address. It is used using a bitwise AND operation to identify a network address and define a range of host addresses on the network. Subnetting lets you divide your network into smaller subnets for better IP address assignment and network management.
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